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99222

Initial hospital care, per day, typically 50 minutes

Evaluation and Management Hospital Inpatient Services Moderate complexity Complexity 4.79 Total RVUs
Quick Reference
Initial hospital admission with moderate complexity medical decision making

Audit Defense & Denial Intelligence

Research-based denial patterns from OrbDoc Bill Analyzer

High overall risk
Top issues: Insufficient documentation for moderate complexity

1. Insufficient documentation for moderate complexity

Very Common

99222 requires moderate complexity medical decision-making for initial hospital care. This is the most commonly billed initial hospital code but also highly scrutinized. Denials occur when documentation doesn't demonstrate moderate MDM (must show 2 of 3: moderate number/complexity problems, moderate data review, moderate risk). Auditors look for multiple diagnoses, data reviewed, and risk level consistent with hospitalization.

Common Causes

  • Single diagnosis without comorbidities or complications documented
  • No evidence of data reviewed (labs, imaging, prior records)
  • Risk level not clearly moderate (could be managed outpatient or observation)

Resolution Strategy

Provider documents multiple problems addressed, data reviewed and incorporated, and moderate-to-high risk justifying hospital admission. Must clearly distinguish inpatient criteria from observation level care.

Appeal Success: Medium
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Relative Value Units (RVUs)

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Work RVU
2.99
Physician effort
PE RVU
1.58
Practice expense
MP RVU
0.22
Malpractice
Total RVU
4.79
Combined value
Dollar reimbursement rates vary by locality and payer. RVUs shown for relative comparison only.
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Clinical Information

When to Use

Initial hospital admission with moderate complexity medical decision making

Time Requirement
Typically 50 minutes of total time on date of encounter

Common Scenarios

Acute COPD exacerbation requiring BiPAP and steroids
Diabetic ketoacidosis with stable hemodynamics
Moderate heart failure exacerbation with multiple comorbidities
Complicated urinary tract infection with sepsis criteria
New onset atrial fibrillation with RVR requiring rate control

Documentation Requirements

  • Comprehensive history and physical examination
  • Moderate complexity medical decision making
  • Multiple diagnoses or management options considered
  • Review of moderate amount of data

Coding Guidelines

Common Modifiers

AI Principal physician of record
25 Significant, separately identifiable E/M on same day as procedure

Bundling Rules

  • Cannot be billed with subsequent hospital care codes on same date
  • Includes all related services on admission date
  • Superseded by critical care if criteria met

Exclusions

  • 99234-99236 (observation or inpatient same date admission/discharge)
  • 99291-99292 (critical care services)
  • 99221, 99223 (different complexity levels)

Coding Notes

Most common initial hospital care code
Requires moderate risk of complications or morbidity
Data review must include external records or independent interpretation

Clinical scenarios

Acute COPD exacerbation requiring BiPAP and steroids
Acute COPD exacerbation requiring BiPAP and steroids
When to use:Initial hospital admission with moderate complexity medical decision making
  • Comprehensive history and physical examination
  • Moderate complexity medical decision making
  • Multiple diagnoses or management options considered
Pitfalls:Insufficient documentation for moderate complexity
Diabetic ketoacidosis with stable hemodynamics
Diabetic ketoacidosis with stable hemodynamics
When to use:Initial hospital admission with moderate complexity medical decision making
  • Comprehensive history and physical examination
  • Moderate complexity medical decision making
  • Multiple diagnoses or management options considered
Pitfalls:Insufficient documentation for moderate complexity
Moderate heart failure exacerbation with multiple comorbidities
Moderate heart failure exacerbation with multiple comorbidities
When to use:Initial hospital admission with moderate complexity medical decision making
  • Comprehensive history and physical examination
  • Moderate complexity medical decision making
  • Multiple diagnoses or management options considered
Pitfalls:Insufficient documentation for moderate complexity

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Code Details

Code 99222
Category Evaluation and Management
Subcategory Hospital Inpatient Services
Total RVUs 4.79

Medicare Pricing

PFS
2025 National Rate
$125.50
Facility
$125.50
Non-Facility
$125.50
RVU Breakdown
Work RVU:2.60PE RVU:1.06MP RVU:0.22Total RVU:3.88CF:$32.3465Global Days:XXX
OPPS Details
Status:BCopayment:$0.00
Physician Fee Schedule: Medicare pays physicians based on Relative Value Units (RVUs) multiplied by a conversion factor.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is CPT code 99222?

CPT 99222 is the billing code for "Initial hospital care, per day, typically 50 minutes". Initial hospital admission with moderate complexity medical decision making

How much does Medicare pay for CPT 99222?

Medicare pays approximately $125.50 for CPT 99222 (national average). Actual payment varies by geographic location due to GPCI adjustments. Hospital and commercial insurance rates are typically 2-4x higher than Medicare rates.

What are the RVUs for CPT 99222?

CPT 99222 has a total RVU of 4.79, broken down as: Work RVU 2.99, Practice Expense RVU 1.58, and Malpractice RVU 0.22. RVUs (Relative Value Units) determine Medicare reimbursement rates.

Why was my 99222 claim denied?

The most common denial reason for CPT 99222 is "Insufficient documentation for moderate complexity". 99222 requires moderate complexity medical decision-making for initial hospital care. This is the most commonly billed initial hospital code but also highly scrutinized. Denials occur when documentation doesn't demonstrate moderate MDM (must show 2 of 3: moderate number/complexity problems, moderate data review, moderate risk). Auditors look for multiple diagnoses, data reviewed, and risk level consistent with hospitalization. Common causes include: Single diagnosis without comorbidities or complications documented; No evidence of data reviewed (labs, imaging, prior records). Appeal success rate is approximately 40-60%.

What documentation is required for CPT 99222?

Key documentation requirements for CPT 99222 include: Comprehensive history and physical examination; Moderate complexity medical decision making; Multiple diagnoses or management options considered; Review of moderate amount of data. Missing or incomplete documentation is a leading cause of claim denials for this code.

Can CPT 99222 be billed with other codes?

Bundling considerations for CPT 99222: Cannot be billed with subsequent hospital care codes on same date. Includes all related services on admission date Use an NCCI bundling checker to verify specific code combinations before billing.

What modifiers are commonly used with CPT 99222?

Common modifiers for CPT 99222 include: AI (Principal physician of record), 25 (Significant, separately identifiable E/M on same day as procedure). Modifiers indicate special circumstances and can affect reimbursement or prevent claim denials.

What is the time requirement for CPT 99222?

The typical time requirement for CPT 99222 is Typically 50 minutes of total time on date of encounter. Time-based codes require documentation of the actual time spent providing the service.

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